Umhlahlandlela Ophelele Wokukhetha Izigaba Eziqondile Zenjini Zokuhlanganiswa Okuzenzakalelayo

Eminyakeni engu-9 edlule, sisebenze eduze nonjiniyela bokukhiqiza, abahlanganisi bezinhlelo, kanye nabaphathi befektri. Umbuzo owodwa uyaqhubeka uphakama.
"Ngingakhetha kanjani isigaba esifanele se-linear esinenjini ukuze sihlanganiswe nesigaba sokuma esizenzakalelayo etafuleni lami le-assembly elinenjini ukuze kuhlanganiswe ngokuzenzakalelayo okunembe kakhulu?"
Yilokho kanye okuzophendulwa yilesi siqondisi. Akukho lutho olulula. Iseluleko esiwusizo nesingokoqobo ongasisebenzisa namuhla.

Siklama futhi sakha izigaba ezenziwe ngezandla, izigaba ezinenjini, kanye nezigaba ezigcweleisigaba sokubeka ezenzakalelayoizinhlelo. Sibonile ukuthi yini esebenzayo nokuthi yini ehlulekayo. Lo mhlahlandlela ubeka konke lokho okuhlangenwe nakho endaweni eyodwa.

Iyini Isiteji Esiqondile Esinenjini?

Isigaba esiqondile esinenjini siyingxenye yokunyakaza okunembile. Sihambisa umthwalo emgqeni oqondile. Ukunyakaza kuqhutshwa yinjini, hhayi ngesandla. Uzothola lezi zigaba ngaphakathi kwezinhlelo zokuhlola ezenzakalelayo, imishini yokumaka nge-laser, amarobhothi okukhipha, nokuningi.

Cabanga ngakho njengebhulokhi yokwakha elihlakaniphile. Ufaka ikhamera, i-gripper, i-valve yokukhipha, noma i-probe phezulu. Isiteji siyihambisa endaweni efanele, sime, futhi sibambe. Ukuphindaphinda kuvame ukwehla kube ama-micron ambalwa.

Izinhlobo zokushayela ezivamile esizenzayo:

Izigaba eziqhutshwa yi-ball screw

Izigaba eziqhutshwa yizikulufo ze-lead

Izigaba eziqhutshwa ngebhande

Izigaba zemoto eziqondile

Uhlobo ngalunye lufanelana nesabelomali esihlukile, isivinini, kanye nesidingo sokunemba. Sizoxoxa ngalokho ngokuningiliziwe kamuva.

Isigaba Esiqondile Esinenjini vs. Isigaba Sokubeka Esizenzakalelayo – Ukucacisa Ukudideka

Onjiniyela abaningi bayasibuza: “Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-isigaba esiqondile esinenjinikanyeisigaba sokubeka ezenzakalelayo"? "
Lokhu kudideka kuyinto evamile. Amagama avame ukufana. Ake sikuchaze kalula.

A isigaba esiqondile esinenjiniiyisakhiwo esakhiwe.

An isigaba sokubeka ezenzakalelayongokuvamile uhlelo olwakhiwe ngalawo mabhulokhi. Isibonelo, ipulatifomu yethu yokuqondanisa ngokunemba kwe-XY ihlanganisa izigaba ezimbili eziqondile futhi ngezinye izikhathi isigaba esijikelezayo. Lonke uhlelo luba yisigaba sokuma esizenzakalelayo.

Uma wakha i-itafula lomhlangano elinenjini, cishe uzosebenzisa izigaba eziningana eziqondile kanye nesigaba sokubeka. Ukwazi umehluko kukusiza ukuthi ucacise izingxenye ezifanele.

Indima Yetafula Lokuhlanganisa Elinenjini Ekukhiqizweni Kwanamuhla

A itafula lomhlangano elinenjiniiyinhliziyo yemigqa eminingi ezenzakalelayo. Iletha isivinini, ukuphindaphindeka, kanye nempendulo yedatha ezinqubweni zokuhlanganisa ngesandla.

Siyabonaitafula lomhlangano elinenjiniimiklamo esetshenziselwa:

Ukuqondanisa nokubopha imodyuli yekhamera ye-smartphone

Umhlangano wezinzwa zezimoto

Ukufakwa kwengxenye yedivayisi yezokwelapha

Ukushayela kanye nokunamathisela izikulufo ze-PCB

Ithebula livame ukuhlanganisa elilodwa noma ngaphezuluisigaba sokubeka ezenzakalelayoizinhlelo. Ikhamera ithola ingxenye. Isofthiwe yokulawula ibala i-offset.isigaba esiqondile esinenjiniilungisa indawo. Lokhu kwenzeka ngaphansi kwesekhondi.

Kungani kufanele uthuthukele etafuleni elinenjini?

Ukuhlanganiswa ngesandla kuhlushwa ukukhathala komqhubi. Ukunemba kuyehla ngesikhathi sokushintshwa.

Itafula elinenjini ligcina ukuphindaphindwa okungu-±2 µm amahora angama-24.

Ukugcina idatha kuthuthukisa ukulandelelwa.

Itafula elilodwa elinenjini livame ukuthatha indawo yeziteshi ezimbili kuya kwezintathu ezisetshenziswa ngesandla.

Sisize amakhasimende ukunciphisa amazinga okwenqatshwa kokuhlanganiswa ngamaphesenti angaphezu kuka-60 ngemuva kokushintsha kusuka ezigabeni ezisetshenziswa ngesandla kuya ezinhlelweni ezinenjini.

Izici Eziyinhloko Zokukhetha Isiteji Esiqondile Esinenjini

Ukukhethaisigaba esiqondile esinenjiniAkukhona ukukhetha into ekhazimulayo kakhulu kukhathalogi. Udinga ukufanisa isiteji nesicelo sakho sangempela. Sihlala sibuza amakhasimende ethu le mibuzo eyisikhombisa.

1. Ungakanani umthwalo wakho?

Umthwalo okhokhelwayo uhlanganisa isisindo sethuluzi lakho, inzwa, ibhulakhethi, kanye nezintambo. Ungalokothi ukhethe isigaba somthwalo okhokhelwayo ngqo. Engeza okungenani umkhawulo wokuphepha ongu-30%. Umthwalo ophakathi nendawo uhlukile kumthwalo ofakwe i-cantilevered. Uma umthwalo wakho ulenga kude nenqola, umthwalo wesikhashana osebenzayo uyanda. Singasiza ekubaleni lokhu.

Amabanga ajwayelekile esiwanikezayo:

Umsebenzi olula: kufika ku-5 kg ​​(isigaba sesikulufu sebhola elincane)

Umsebenzi ophakathi: kufika ku-30 ​​kg (isitimela esibanzi, isikulufu sebhola)

Isisindo esinzima: kufika ku-150 kg (iphrofayili eqinile, umhlahlandlela oqondile)

2. Udinga luphi uhlobo lokushaya (uhambo)?

I-stroke iwukunyakaza okuphelele okuqondile. I-stroke yethu ejwayelekile isukela ku-15 mm kuya ku-1200 mm. Ungathengi isigaba eside kunokudingekile. Izigaba ezinde zibiza kakhulu futhi zinganciphisa ukuqina. Kodwa njalo engeza i-buffer encane ukuze ugweme ukuma okuqinile.

3. Yikuphi ukunemba nokuphindeka?

Silinganisa ukuphindaphinda kwezinhlangothi zombili. Ukuze kube nokunembaisigaba sokubeka ezenzakalelayoesetshenziswa ekubopheni nge-laser, ungadinga ±1 µm. Ukuze uthole indawo yokukhethaitafula lomhlangano elinenjini, ±10 µm inganele. Hlola ukubekezelela kwakho inqubo. Sebenzisa umthetho we-10:1: isigaba kufanele sibe nembe ngokuphindwe kayishumi kunebhendi yakho yokubekezelela.

Izinombolo zangempela ezivela ezigabeni zethu ezijwayelekile zesikulufu sebhola:

Ukuphindaphinda: ±3 µm (ejwayelekile), ±1 µm (ibanga lokunemba okuphezulu)

Ukunemba kokubeka: ±10 µm / 300 mm (ejwayelekile), ±3 µm / 300 mm (ene-encoder eqondile)

4. Yisiphi isivinini kanye nokusheshisa?

Isivinini sithinta isikhathi somjikelezo. Izigaba eziqhutshwa yibhande zingasebenza ku-2000 mm/s. Izigaba zezikulufo zebhola zivame ukudlula cishe ku-500 mm/s. Kodwa-ke, izigaba zezikulufo zebhola zinikeza ukuqina okuphezulu kwezinhlelo zokusebenza zokuma nokubamba.isigaba esiqondile esinenjiningoba ukuhlanganiswa kuvame ukulinganisela isivinini nesikhathi sokuxazulula.

5. Uyini umjikelezo womsebenzi odingekayo?

Ingabe isiteji sizosebenza amahora angu-8 ngosuku, amahora angu-24 ngosuku, izinsuku eziyi-7 ngesonto, noma ukunyakaza okumbalwa nje ngebhetshi ngayinye? Izinhlelo zokusebenza zomjikelezo ophakeme zidinga iziqondiso eziqinile kanye nama-motor. Sivame ukuncoma izigaba ze-motor eziqondile ukuze ziskenwe amahora angu-24 ngosuku. Azinawo ukuguga komshini kusukela ekuguqulweni kokujikeleza kuya komugqa.

6. Iyiphi indawo isiteji esizohlala kuyo?

Igumbi lokuhlanza? Iphansi lefektri elinothuli? Izinga lokushisa eliphakeme? Sinikeza izinketho:

Igrisi yeklasi yokuhlanza yegumbi lokuhlanza engu-100

Izimbozo nezimbozo ezivikelayo

Izinto ezingamelani nokugqwala

7. Uzokulawula kanjani?

Sihlinzeka ngezigaba ze-plug-and-play ezinama-stepper noma ama-servo motor kanye nabashayeli abahambisanayo. Abalawuli bangaba amabhokisi alula okuqondisa i-pulse noma abalawuli bokunyakaza be-EtherCAT abaxhumene nenethiwekhi. Uma wakha i-itafula lomhlangano elinenjininge-axes eziningi, isilawuli sokunyakaza esiphakathi songa ugesi kanye nomzamo wesofthiwe.

Ithebula Lereferensi Lokukhetha Okusheshayo

Londoloza leli thebula lephrojekthi yakho elandelayo. Lifingqa okuthandwa kakhulu kwethuisigaba esiqondile esinenjiniuchungechunge.

Udinga inhlanganisela eyenziwe ngokwezifiso? Sakha njalo ukucushwa kwe-XY, XZ, kanye ne-gantry ukuzeisigaba sokubeka ezenzakalelayoizidingo. Vele uthinte.

Ukukhanya Kohlelo Lokusebenza: Umhlangano Wokuqondanisa Okuqondile Okuzenzakalelayo

Ake sisondele kuhlelo lokusebenza olulodwa olunenani eliphezulu:Umhlangano Wokuqondanisa Okuqondile Okuzenzakalelayo.

Le nqubo ikhona yonke indawo kuma-optics, ama-photonics, kanye nama-micro-electronics. Ilensi kumele ivumelane nenzwa. I-waveguide kumele ivumelane nefayibha. Ukubekezelelana kuvame ukuba ngaphansi kwama-µm angu-5 ku-X, Y, kanye ne-theta.

OkujwayelekileUmhlangano Wokuqondanisa Okuqondile Okuzenzakalelayoiseli libukeka kanje:

A itafula lomhlangano elinenjiniibamba ingxenye engezansi esigabeni se-XY-θ.

Isigaba sesibili sika-Z sibamba ingxenye ephezulu.

Uhlelo lokubona lulinganisa i-offset.

Isofthiwe yokulawula iyalaisigaba sokubeka ezenzakalelayoukulungisa indawo.

Ukwelashwa kwe-UV noma ukushiswa nge-laser kulungisa izingxenye.

Sakha uhlelo olune-axis ezi-5 lomkhiqizi wemojula yekhamera. Ingqikithi yayiyi-LT-90H cross-roller yethuisigaba esiqondile esinenjinii-pair, efakwe i-rotary eqondiswa ngqo. Ikhasimende lifinyelele ukunemba okungu-1.5 µm ngemuva kokubopha. Isikhathi somjikelezo: imizuzwana engu-4.2 ngeyunithi ngayinye.

Uma wenza kanjaloUmhlangano Wokuqondanisa Okuqondile Okuzenzakalelayo, eyakhoisigaba esiqondile esinenjiniukukhetha kubalulekile. Udinga:

Ukulungiswa okuphezulu (0.1 µm noma okujwayelekile okungcono)

Ukusabela okuncane (isikulufu sebhola esilayishwe ngaphambilini noma injini eqondile)

Ukuqondile okuhle kanye nokuthamba

Impendulo evaliwe nge-encoder eqondile

Sivame ukuqondisa amakhasimende ezigabeni ze-linear motor lapha. Yebo, zibiza kakhulu kusengaphambili. Kodwa ziqeda ukuguguleka kwezikulufo, ukujikijelwa emuva, kanye nokugcinwa njalo. Esikhathini seminyaka emi-3, izindleko eziphelele zobunikazi zivame ukwehla.

Indlela Yokuhlanganisa Konke Etafuleni Lakho Lokuhlanganisa Elinenjini

Ngakho-ke unayoisigaba esiqondile esinenjini, iisigaba sokubeka ezenzakalelayo, kanyeitafula lomhlangano elinenjiniumqondo. Zonke zixhumana kanjani?

Umklamo wepuleti eliyisisekelo.Isisekelo se-aluminium noma se-granite esiqinile, esikhululekile ekucindezelekeni sigcina wonke ama-axes eqondile. Singahlinzeka nge-base plate ngezimbobo zokufaka ezihambisana nezigaba zakho.

Ukuphathwa kwekhebula.Izintambo ezihambayo zibangela ukuhudula. Sisebenzisa amaketanga ekhebula aguquguqukayo kanye nezintambo zomzila emzimbeni wesiteji. Kuma-axis amaningiisigaba sokubeka ezenzakalelayoUkusetha, ukuphathwa kahle kwekhebula kunciphisa ukwehluleka ngamaphesenti angaphezu kuka-40 ngokusekelwe kudatha yethu yasensimini.

Izinzwa zasekhaya kanye nezokukhawulela.Njaloisigaba esiqondile esinenjinikufanele zibe nezinzwa zomkhawulo wekhaya kanye nokuhamba ngokweqile. Sizifaka njengejwayelekile. Lokhu kuvimbela umonakalo wengozi.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwesofthiwe.Izilawuli eziningi zokunyakaza zinikeza ama-API e-LabVIEW, C#, noma i-Python. Sinikeza izibonelo zekhodi yokuqalisa. Uma udinga usizo lokubhala i-algorithm yokulungisa, onjiniyela bethu bezinhlelo zokusebenza bangakusekela.

Ukuphepha. A itafula lomhlangano elinenjiningokuvamile kudinga amakhethini alula noma izingidi zokuphepha. Khumbula lokho ngesikhathi sokuklama ngemishini.

Amaphutha Avamile Esiwabonayo (Nendlela Yokuwagwema)

Ngemva kweminyaka engu-9, sibone cishe wonke amaphutha angenzeka. Nazi ezinhlanu eziphezulu.

Iphutha 1: Ukuthenga ngokusekelwe entengo ephansi kakhulu.
Isiteji esishibhile ngaphandle kokusekelwa okufanele singakubiza izikhathi eziyi-10 ngesikhathi sokuphumula. Sishintshe izigaba eziningi ezingabizwa ngegama ngesethu. Ukuthembeka kwesikhathi eside kuyaphumelela.

Iphutha 2: Ukungazinaki imithwalo yesikhashana.
Isigaba singase silinganiswe ngomthwalo oqondile ongu-20 kg, kodwa umthwalo oseceleni ongu-5 Nm kuphela ungabopha ama-bearings. Njalo bala isikhathi. Sibuze umdwebo wesikhathi somthwalo.

Iphutha 3: Akukho mpendulo mayelana nokubekwa.
Izigaba ze-open-loop stepper zilahlekelwa yizinyathelo ngaphansi kwamandla angalindelekile. Kwezinto ezibalulekileisigaba sokubeka ezenzakalelayoizinhlelo zokusebenza, engeza i-encoder. Umehluko wesilinganiso sokwenqatshwa ungaba mkhulu.

Iphutha 4: Ukukhetha ukushayela okungalungile komjikelezo womsebenzi.
Ama-drive ebhande ayanwebeka. Ama-screw drive ayaguga. Umaitafula lomhlangano elinenjiniimijikelezo njalo ngemizuzwana emi-2 amahora angama-24 ngosuku, izinsuku eziyi-7 ngesonto, chaza idrayivu yaleyo mpilo. Sikusiza ukubala impilo yakho yonke ngamakhilomitha ohambo.

Iphutha 5: Ukungahloli uhlelo oluphelele ngaphambi koku-oda ivolumu.
Sihlala sincoma ukuthi uthenge isigaba esisodwa seprototype. Sivivinye ngomthwalo wakho wangempela, ngesivinini sakho sangempela. Kuyitshalomali elincane elivimbela amaphutha amakhulu.

Kungani Uthola Umthombo Kumkhiqizi Oneminyaka Engu-9+ Yolwazi?

Ungatholaisigaba esiqondile esinenjiniabahlinzeki yonke indawo. Yini eyenza umehluko?

Ukukhiqiza okuqondile.Sifaka umshini esisekelo, sihlanganise izinsimbi, bese sifaka injini endaweni yethu. Lokho kusho ukulawula okugcwele ikhwalithi nesikhathi sokuhola. Awuthengi ukungenisa okushintshiwe.

Ukwakhiwa ngokwezifiso ngaphandle kwamanani ngokwezifiso.Udinga i-stroke ekhethekile? Izinto ezihambisana ne-vacuum? Singakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ngokushesha. Ngenxa yokuthi silawula imishini, ukwenza ngokwezifiso okukodwa kungamandla ethu.

Ulwazi olujulile lokusebenzisa.Sinikezeisigaba sokubeka ezenzakalelayoizinhlelo zezokwelapha, ezokubona, eze-semiconductor, kanye nezokuhlanganisa izimboni ezijwayelekile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi iphrojekthi yakho izuza eminyakeni engu-9 yokuqonda imboni ehlukahlukene.

Usekelo lwangaphambi kokuthengisa.Ithimba lethu lobunjiniyela lizobuyekeza umqondo wakho, libale imithwalo, futhi liphakamise ukucushwa okuhle kakhulu. Uthola idokhumenti yokucacisa enenombolo, hhayi nje ingcaphuno.

Ukunakekelwa ngemuva kokuthengisa.Sigcina izingxenye ezisele. Uma kuvela inkinga, sixazulula inkinga ngevidiyo zingakapheli amahora angama-24. Iningi lamakhasimende ethu selineminyaka engaphezu kwemihlanu linathi.

Uma uklama okushaitafula lomhlangano elinenjininoma ukuthuthukisa endala, ake sixoxe. Sesike sabona izithiyo ngaphambili futhi singakusindisa izinyanga zokuzama nokwenza amaphutha.

Izinombolo Zokusebenza Zomhlaba Wangempela

Ngihlala ngithanda ukwabelana ngezinombolo. Nansi idatha evela ku-isigaba esiqondile esinenjinisakhele ikhasimende eliqondiswa umbonoitafula lomhlangano elinenjini.

Lezi akuzona izinombolo zelebhu. Lokhu kuvela emgqeni wokukhiqiza osebenzayo, amahora ayi-16 ngosuku.isigaba sokubeka ezenzakalelayoKwenziwe kahle kakhulu ekuhlinzeni nge-glue ngendlela enembile kakhulu. Inqubo yangaphambilini yekhasimende yayinokwehluka okungu-±25 µm kanye nesilinganiso sokwenqatshwa esiphezulu kakhulu.

Uma udinga izinombolo ezinjengalezi zakhoUmhlangano Wokuqondanisa Okuqondile Okuzenzakalelayo, singaklama ikhambi elizofinyelela izinhloso zakho.

imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa

U: Ngisikhetha kanjani isigaba esifanele se-linear esinenjini ukuze sihlanganiswe nesigaba sokuma esizenzakalelayo etafuleni lami le-assembly elinenjini ukuze kuhlanganiswe ngokuzenzakalelayo okunembe kakhulu?
A: Qala ngokuchaza umthwalo wakho wokulayisha, ukushaya, ukuphindeka, kanye nesikhathi somjikelezo. Bese unquma ukuthi udinga yini i-single-axis simple noma i-multi-axisisigaba sokubeka ezenzakalelayo. Qondanisa uhlobo lokushayela (isikulufu, ibhande, injini eqondile) nomjikelezo wakho womsebenzi. Okokugcina, hlola ngesibonelo. Onjiniyela bethu bangakuhambisa ocingweni lokukhetha lwemizuzu engama-30.

U: Ngingayisebenzisa yini isiteji esiqondile esinenjini njengedivayisi ezimele?
Impela. Amakhasimende amaningi asebenzisa eyodwaisigaba esiqondile esinenjiniukuze kube lula ukondla noma ukugxila. Uma udinga ukunyakaza kwe-XY noma kwe-XYZ, uhlanganisa izigaba zibe yisigaba sokuma esizenzakalelayo.

Q: Yikuphi ukulungiswa okudingekayo etafuleni lokuhlanganisa elinenjini?
Ukuthambisa ngezikhathi ezithile, ukuhlola i-torque yebholidi, kanye nezinzwa zokuqinisekisa umkhawulo. Izigaba zethu zenzelwe ukufinyelela kalula. Sihlinzeka ngamashejuli okulungisa.

U: Ingabe ninikeza ukuqeqeshwa kanye nokusekelwa kokufakwa?
Yebo. Sinikeza isiqondiso sokufaka okukude, izincwadi zomsebenzisi, kanye nokusekelwa kwasendaweni uma kudingeka. Vele ubuze.

Ukulungele Ukucacisa Isigaba Sakho Esiqondile Esinenjini?

Ukukhetha okulungileisigaba esiqondile esinenjiniokwakhoitafula lomhlangano elinenjiniAkudingeki kube nzima kakhulu. Hlukanisa ngomthwalo odingekayo, ukunemba, isivinini, kanye nendawo ezungezile. Sebenzisa amathebula akulo mhlahlandlela njengohlu lokuhlola.

Uma ungakaqiniseki—noma unento ehlukileUmhlangano Wokuqondanisa Okuqondile Okuzenzakalelayoinselele—xhumana nethimba lethu. Besilokhu sakhaisigaba sokubeka ezenzakalelayoizinhlelo iminyaka engu-9. Sizokusiza ukhethe isigaba esifanele, ulungiselele ukunyakaza, futhi sikuhlanganise kahle.

Xhumana nathi namuhla ukuthola:

Isibuyekezo sesicelo samahhala

Umdwebo womqondo we-3D owenziwe ngokwezifiso

Isikhathi sokuhola kanye nentengo zingakapheli amahora angu-48

Sitshele ngephrojekthi yakho. Sizophendula ngeseluleko esithembekile nesisekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho. Akukho ukuthengisa okuqinile. Vele unjiniyela ukwesekwa okuvela eqenjini elakha izigaba nsuku zonke.

Ake sithathe eyakhoitafula lomhlangano elinenjiniukuhamba ngokunemba okufunwa umkhiqizo wakho.